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If you’ve been researching non-invasive skin-lifting treatments, you’ve probably come across both HIFU  and Ultherapy . While both treatments use ultrasound technology to lift and tighten the skin, they are not the same. At RJ Clinic, we offer Ultherapy , the original, FDA-approved treatment for skin tightening and lifting—and here’s why we’ve chosen to provide Ultherapy instead of HIFU treatment malaysia. What is HIFU, and How Does It Compare to Ultherapy? HIFU  (High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound) has gained popularity in Malaysia due to its lower cost, but it is often regarded as a cheaper, lower-quality alternative  to Ultherapy. While HIFU treatment malaysia may provide some lifting results, the differences in the technology used, the depth of treatment, and the long-term effects set it apart from Ultherapy. Let’s take a closer look: Ultherapy  is the only FDA-approved ultrasound treatment for non-invasive skin lifting and tightening. Ultherapy uses real-time imaging , allowing for precise treatment tailored to your unique skin structure, ensuring optimal results. The results from Ultherapy are longer-lasting  and more comprehensive due to its ability to target deeper layers of the skin, stimulating collagen production. HIFU , on the other hand, lacks the same level of precision and efficacy, often resulting in shorter-lasting results  with less dramatic improvements. >>> CLICK HERE to watch more on our youtube channel Why RJ Clinic Chooses Ultherapy At RJ Clinic, we are committed to providing our clients with safe, proven, and effective treatments . We’ve chosen to offer Ultherapy  because it is backed by extensive clinical studies and is trusted by leading aesthetic professionals around the world. Here are some reasons why we prefer Ultherapy: FDA-Approved : Ultherapy has been cleared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for non-invasive skin lifting, ensuring its safety and effectiveness. Customized Treatment : With Ultherapy, we can see exactly what layers of skin we are treating using real-time ultrasound imaging. This means every treatment is highly precise and tailored to each client’s needs. No Downtime, Long-Lasting Results : Ultherapy penetrates deep into the skin to stimulate collagen production, which continues to improve your skin’s appearance for months after the treatment. Common Myths: Is HIFU the Same as Ultherapy? The short answer is: No . While both treatments use ultrasound, HIFU is not FDA-approved , and it’s considered a more cost-effective option  for those looking for quick, short-term results. However, if you’re looking for a treatment that delivers long-term lifting and tightening, Ultherapy is the gold standard . “Ultherapy may come at a higher price, but it’s an investment in a clinically proven , FDA-approved , and long-lasting  treatment that delivers real results.” Why Choose Ultherapy at RJ Clinic? At RJ Clinic, we believe in providing high-quality treatments that offer value and proven results . Here’s why our clients choose Ultherapy over HIFU: Superior Results : Clients experience natural-looking results with no downtime , and the effects continue to improve over time as new collagen is produced. Safe & Non-Invasive : Ultherapy is safe for all skin types, and you can resume your daily activities immediately after treatment. Backed by Clinical Research : Ultherapy has been extensively tested and is trusted by top dermatologists worldwide, while HIFU does not offer the same level of clinical validation. Award winning : We have also won numerous awards over the years for consistently providing ultherapy in malaysia Ready to Experience the Best Skin-Lifting Treatment in Malaysia? If you’re considering non-surgical skin tightening, Ultherapy  is the most trusted and effective option available. At RJ Clinic, we’re proud to offer this FDA-approved treatment to help you achieve firmer, younger-looking skin  without the risks or limitations of HIFU. Book a consultation  today and learn more about how Ultherapy can help you achieve the natural, long-lasting results you’ve been looking for.

Unveil the secret to clearer, brighter skin! If you've been battling acne and struggling to achieve that elusive flawless complexion, chemical peels might just be the breakthrough you've been waiting for. Dive into the world of skincare transformations as we unveil the power of chemical peels for acne-prone skin. 1. Say Goodbye to Acne Woes Say goodbye to stubborn acne once and for all by embracing the powerful and transformative benefits of chemical peels. These specialized treatments work wonders by penetrating deep into your pores, effectively targeting and eradicating acne at its source. As the chemical peel gets to work, it exfoliates the skin, unclogs pores , and removes dead skin cells, leaving your complexion looking rejuvenated and revitalized. With consistent chemical peel sessions, you'll notice a significant reduction in acne breakouts, leading to a clearer and more radiant skin appearance. Experience a renewed sense of self-assurance and confidence as your skin transforms before your eyes. The gradual disappearance of acne blemishes will unveil a smoother, more even-toned complexion, allowing your natural beauty to shine through. Embrace the journey towards clearer skin and bid farewell to the days of feeling self-conscious about acne. Chemical peels offer a gentle yet effective solution to combat acne, helping you achieve the flawless skin you've always desired. 2. Banish Acne Scars The aftermath of acne can often leave behind persistent scars that may affect one's self-esteem and confidence. However, there are effective solutions available to address this concern. Chemical peels have been widely recognized for their ability to diminish the appearance of acne scars by promoting skin regeneration and renewal. By exfoliating the damaged outer layers of the skin, chemical peels stimulate collagen production and encourage the growth of new, healthier skin cells. This process not only helps to fade acne scars but also results in a smoother, more even skin texture. Embracing the use of chemical peels in your skincare routine can lead to a significant improvement in the overall appearance of your skin. With consistent treatment, you can gradually reduce the visibility of acne scars and achieve a more rejuvenated and radiant complexion. By investing in your skin's health and well-being, you can say goodbye to the reminders of past breakouts and welcome a renewed sense of confidence and beauty. There are numerous alternative methods available for treating acne scars. It has been discovered that relying solely on chemical peels is not sufficient for treating acne scars . Through years of experience, we have found that the most effective approach involves a combination of various treatments to rejuvenate and treat the skin. This approach includes techniques such as microneedling , PDRN therapy , RF microneedling such as Potenza , and laser toning. 3. Rejuvenate Oily Skin Dealing with oily skin can be a frustrating challenge, but there's a solution that can bring relief and transform your complexion. Chemical peels offer a revitalizing approach to managing oil production, helping you achieve a more balanced and radiant skin tone. MORE ON ACNE that you do not know By incorporating chemical peels into your skincare routine, you can say goodbye to the perpetual struggle against excess oil and hello to a matte finish that lasts. These treatments work by exfoliating the skin's surface, unclogging pores, and reducing sebum production, resulting in a smoother, clearer complexion. Embrace the opportunity to enjoy skin that looks and feels rejuvenated, free from the burden of oily skin concerns. 4. Enhance Skin Texture Experience the transformative effects of chemical peels as they work wonders in achieving that sought-after baby-smooth skin texture. These peels are designed to gently exfoliate the skin, effectively bidding farewell to rough patches and addressing concerns related to uneven skin tone. Through a carefully formulated process, the peel reveals a silky and radiant complexion that not only looks flawless but also feels incredibly soft to the touch. Embrace the beauty of a rejuvenated skin surface that exudes a newfound confidence and vitality, thanks to the remarkable benefits of incorporating chemical peels into your skincare routine. 5. Boost Confidence Embrace a newfound sense of self-assurance as you embark on a journey of self-discovery through the remarkable transformation of your skin. Each time you gaze into the mirror, a smile effortlessly graces your lips as you witness the tangible results of your skincare routine. Your skin now exudes a vibrancy and vitality that mirrors the happiness and healthiness within. Revel in the radiance that emanates from your being, a reflection of the care and attention you have dedicated to nurturing your skin. Allow your inner glow to permeate every aspect of your life, illuminating your path with confidence and self-love. Improving one's skin naturally requires time and patience. There are no quick fixes or magical solutions. As a result, some people may resort to using makeup to conceal blemishes and scars in an attempt to boost their confidence. So should you still wear makeup when having breakouts? Read more here. 6. Professional Care for Your Skin Trust in the expertise of skincare professionals to guide you through the chemical peel process. Your skin deserves the best, and with professional care, you can embark on your skincare journey with confidence, knowing you're in safe hands. In conclusion, embrace the power of chemical peels as your ultimate skincare ally in the battle against acne and uneven skin texture. Unlock the door to flawless skin and step into a world of beauty where confidence reigns supreme. Say yes to chemical peels and let your skin tell your glowing story! Remember, your skin is precious - treat it with care and watch it blossom into beauty you never knew it held. Unveil the secret to clearer, brighter skin with chemical peels tailored for acne-prone skin. Trust in the transformative power of these treatments to reveal a new chapter in your skincare journey.

Are you dreaming of that enviable skin glow that radiates from within? Look no further! Achieving luminous skin is not just about applying the right products but also involves nourishing your skin from the inside out. With our expert tips, you can unlock the secrets to maximizing your skin glow and embracing a radiant complexion effortlessly! 1. Hydrate, Hydrate, Hydrate! Start your glow journey by ensuring you stay hydrated throughout the day. Drinking an adequate amount of water helps to flush out toxins, maintain skin elasticity, and promote a natural glow. Aim for at least 8 glasses of water daily to keep your skin looking fresh and luminous. 2. Goodbye Stress, Hello Glow! Stress can wreak havoc on your skin, leading to dullness and breakouts. Practice stress-relieving activities like yoga, meditation, or simply indulging in your favorite hobbies to keep your skin glowing and your mind at peace. 3. Get Your Beauty Sleep Beauty sleep is not just a myth! Aim for 7-8 hours of quality sleep each night to allow your skin to repair and rejuvenate. A well-rested complexion is a glowing complexion! 4. Feed Your Skin Include skin-loving foods in your diet such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, and fatty fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids. These nutrients help nourish your skin from within, promoting a healthy glow that shines through. 5. Skincare Routine Establish a consistent skincare routine that suits your skin type. Cleanse, tone, moisturize, and don't forget the sunscreen! A good skincare regimen lays the foundation for glowing skin. 6. Exercise for Radiance Regular exercise boosts blood circulation, delivering essential nutrients to your skin cells and giving you that post-workout glow. Aim for a mix of cardio and strength training for overall skin health. 7. Exfoliate Regularly Exfoliation removes dead skin cells, revealing a fresh layer of skin underneath. Choose gentle exfoliators suited to your skin type to achieve a brighter and more radiant complexion. 8. Stay Consistent with Treatments Incorporate treatments like face masks, serums, or facial oils into your skincare routine. Consistency is key when it comes to reaping the benefits of these products for glowing skin. 9. Inner Glow Supplements Consider adding supplements like collagen peptides or skin vitamins to your daily routine. These supplements can boost skin elasticity, hydration, and overall radiance from within. With these tips in your skincare arsenal, you're well on your way to achieving that coveted skin glow that emanates from within. Remember, skincare is a journey, not a destination. Embrace the process, stay consistent, and watch your skin transform into a luminous masterpiece! Let your inner glow shine bright! Now, go ahead and conquer the world with your radiant skin!

Dealing with breakouts can be a challenging experience, and it often raises questions about whether or not you should continue wearing makeup. While it might seem tempting to cover up those blemishes, it’s important to consider the effects makeup might have on your skin. Let’s explore the pros and cons of wearing makeup during breakouts and some tips for maintaining healthy skin while using cosmetics. The Pros of Wearing Makeup During Breakouts 1. Confidence Boost: - Makeup can provide a significant confidence boost. Covering blemishes can help you feel more comfortable and self-assured in social and professional settings. 2. Even Skin Tone: - Using makeup can even out your skin tone, making breakouts less noticeable. This can create a smoother and more polished appearance. 3. Protection: - Some makeup products contain ingredients that can protect your skin from environmental stressors like UV rays and pollution. The Cons of Wearing Makeup During Breakouts 1. Clogged Pores: - Many makeup products can clog pores, exacerbating breakouts and leading to further skin issues. Look for non-comedogenic options to mitigate this risk. 2. Irritation: - If your skin is already sensitive due to breakouts, certain makeup ingredients can cause additional irritation and inflammation. 3. Masking Rather than Healing: - While makeup can cover blemishes, it doesn’t address the root cause of the breakouts. Prioritizing skincare over makeup can lead to longer-term improvements. Tips for Wearing Makeup with Breakouts 1. Choose the Right Products: - Opt for non-comedogenic, oil-free, and fragrance-free makeup products. These are less likely to clog pores and cause irritation. 2. Prioritize Skincare: - Maintain a consistent skincare routine that includes cleansing, moisturizing, and treating your breakouts. Consider using products with ingredients like salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide. 3. Clean Tools Regularly: - Ensure that your makeup brushes and sponges are clean to prevent the transfer of bacteria and oils onto your skin. 4. Light Coverage: - Use lightweight, breathable formulas such as tinted moisturizers or BB creams instead of heavy foundations. This can help your skin breathe while still providing some coverage. 5. Spot Conceal: - Instead of applying makeup all over your face, use a concealer to target specific blemishes. This minimizes the amount of product on your skin. 6. Remove Makeup Properly: - Always remove your makeup thoroughly before going to bed. Use a gentle cleanser to ensure that all traces of makeup are gone, allowing your skin to breathe and regenerate overnight. When to Skip Makeup 1. Severe Breakouts: - If you’re experiencing severe breakouts or cystic acne, it might be best to avoid makeup altogether and focus on treating your skin. 2. Skin Sensitivity: - If your skin feels particularly sensitive or irritated, giving it a break from makeup can help reduce inflammation and allow it to heal. 3. Dermatologist’s Advice: - Always follow the advice of your dermatologist. If they recommend avoiding makeup during a treatment period, it’s essential to adhere to their guidance. Invest in Your Skin Instead Instead of focusing on covering up your skin issues with makeup, consider investing in treatments that address the root causes of your breakouts and improve your skin’s overall health. Here are some treatments and products that can make a significant difference: Potenza RF Microneedling Potenza RF microneedling is an advanced treatment that combines microneedling with radiofrequency energy to stimulate collagen production and improve skin texture. This treatment can help reduce acne scars, tighten the skin, and promote a clearer complexion. Skinboosters Skinboosters are injectable treatments that deliver hyaluronic acid directly into the skin. They provide deep hydration, improve skin elasticity, and can help reduce the appearance of acne scars. Skinboosters are an excellent option for those looking to enhance their skin’s radiance and smoothness. Chemical Peels Chemical peels involve applying a chemical solution to the skin to exfoliate and remove dead skin cells. This treatment can improve skin tone, texture, and clarity, making it an effective option for addressing acne and preventing future breakouts. Clinical Skincare Products Investing in high-quality clinical skincare products can make a significant difference in managing breakouts and maintaining healthy skin. Look for products with active ingredients like salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, and niacinamide. These ingredients can help control acne, reduce inflammation, and promote skin renewal. Conclusion Wearing makeup during breakouts is a personal decision that depends on your skin’s condition and how makeup affects it. While makeup can boost confidence and provide a polished appearance, it’s crucial to prioritize skincare and choose the right products. By following these tips, you can strike a balance between looking your best and maintaining healthy skin. Investing in professional skincare treatments like Potenza RF microneedling, skinboosters, and chemical peels can provide long-term benefits and improve your skin’s health and appearance. Remember, the goal is to enhance your natural beauty without compromising your skin’s health. For more personalized advice on skincare and managing breakouts, consider visiting our clinic for expert guidance and tailored treatments. Your skin deserves the best care, and we’re here to help you achieve a clear, radiant complexion.

Vaginal health constitutes a crucial component of holistic well-being for women, but it is not always easy to talk about. Many women experience issues such as vaginal dryness, laxity and urinary incontinence, but these can evoke feelings of social awkwardness or shame when communicating with healthcare providers. You need not feel embarrassed or ashamed about experiencing all these problems as they are natural aspect of the female life cycle that will affect most women at some point. Let us explore the causes of these conditions one by one: 1. Vaginal laxity/ looseness Vaginal delivery This is a common phenomenon after vaginal delivery, especially if you have a big baby or undergone forceps delivery. The vagina is naturally designed to expand during childbirth, then contract and return to its original shape afterwards, thanks to the collagen tissue that composes its skin. However, there are limits to this natural elasticity. The vagina will eventually lose its resilience over time after repeated stretches and tears of underlying dermal tissues as baby passes through the birth canal. The pelvic floor musculature serves as a critical support structure for the vagina. However, the process of childbirth can significantly weaken these muscles, leading to vaginal laxity. The degree of vaginal laxity is contingent upon various factors, namely the cumulative and escalating number of vaginal deliveries, the size of newborn, employment of forceps during delivery and trauma associated with each subsequent childbirth. Vaginal laxity causes discomfort and the emergence of excessive vaginal folds causes further distress. Furthermore, it results in a diminished capacity to experience pleasure during sexual intercourse, which may culminate in a reduction in sexual desire, compromised sex life and have negative impact on relationships. Aging As we age, our bodies gradually lose collagen, a ubiquitous protein that serves as a fundamental building block, imparting structural support to various tissues. Regrettably, this diminution of collagen affects the integrity of vaginal tissues, causing vagina to become loose over time. Hormonal changes Physiological decline in the production of estrogen can result in gradual attenuation of vaginal thickness and elasticity. Consequently, the vaginal canal and the adjacent tissues enveloping the vaginal aperture experience loss of strength and structural integrity, culminating in a state of vaginal laxity. Genetic Genetics play a role in determining the overall structure and composition of the vaginal tissues. Some women may have a genetic predisposition to laxity due to differences in the collagen and elastin fibers that make up the vaginal walls. If someone has a genetic variation that affects the production of function of these proteins, it could contribute to the development of vaginal laxity. For example, a mutation in the COL3A1 gene, which encodes for type III collagen, has been associated with pelvic organ prolapse. Is vaginal laxity equal to pelvic organ prolapse? Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition in which the pelvic organs, such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum, descend or bulge into the vaginal canal. Pelvic organ prolapse can occur due to weakened or damaged pelvic muscles and connective tissues, often as a result of childbirth, aging, obesity, or chronic coughing. Vaginal laxity can contribute to pelvic organ prolapse by reducing the strength and support of the vaginal tissues, which can lead to the descent or bulging of the pelvic organs. Conversely, pelvic organ prolapse can also cause or worsen vaginal laxity by stretching and weakening the vaginal tissues. As the pelvic organs descend or bulge into the vaginal canal, they can put pressure on the vaginal tissues and cause them to stretch or tear, which can result in vaginal laxity. However, not all cases of vaginal laxity are related to pelvic organ prolapse, and not all cases of pelvic organ prolapse are related to vaginal laxity. Each condition can occur independently or be caused by a combination of factors. Does frequent sexual intercourse cause vagina to become loose? This is one interesting and common misconception that I would like to address. In fact, sex does not have a lasting impact on vaginal tension. When a woman is sexually aroused, your pelvic floor muscles relax, allowing for penetrative sex. After intercourse, the vagina returns to its usual shape and tension. There is no scientific evidence to support the idea that regular sex can cause the vagina to become loose over time. 2. Vaginal dryness Vaginal dryness can cause discomfort during sexual activity, as well as itching and irritation. It can be caused by: Hormonal changes The primary reason behind vaginal dryness is the decrease in estrogen levels, especially after menopause. Estrogen is responsible for sustaining normal vaginal lubrication, tissue elasticity and acidity, which ensure the healthy condition of vaginal tissue. Medical conditions and medications Vaginal dryness can also be caused by specific medical conditions such as Sjogren’s syndrome or cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Additionally, some medications such as antihistamines and antidepressants can have vaginal dryness as a side effect. 3. Stress urinary incontinence Stress incontinence is a condition characterised by the leakage of urine when coughing, laughing or any form of physical exertion. This can be a stressful and disruptive condition that can have a negative impact on one’s quality of life. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including: Aging As we age, pelvic floor muscles that support the bladder weaken, leading to urinary incontinence. Childbirth Your bladder is supported by your pelvic floor muscles. After delivery, most women have weakened pelvic floor muscle due to the stretch and tension and damage from vaginal laceration, hence resulting in urinary incontinence. Extra pressure on bladder Conditions that put extra pressure on the bladder, such as being overweight or obese and chronic coughing can lead to urinary incontinence. In the past, these conditions which often arise as a result of childbirth, were regarded as inevitable and deemed an acceptable consequence of giving birth. In the 1940s, Dr Arnold Kegel introduced a simple yet effective solution- Kegel exercises- named after him, to help women who were experiencing urinary incontinence after childbirth. Kegel exercises, also known as pelvic floor exercises, are a type of exercise that involves contracting and relaxing the pelvic floor muscles that support the bladder, vagina, uterus and rectum. Kegel exercises can be done by both men and women, and they can be performed discreetly anytime, anywhere. The first step in doing Kegel exercises is to identify the pelvic floor muscles by stopping the flow of urine midstream or by imagining that you are trying to stop yourself from passing gas. Once you have identified the muscles, you can then begin contracting and relaxing them for a few seconds at a time. Kegel exercises have numerous benefits, including: - Improved bladder and bowel control - Increased sexual satisfaction and improved orgasmic potential - Reduced risk of pelvic organ prolapse - Enhanced blood flow to pelvic region - Improved recovery after childbirth Restoring Confidence with Vaginal Laser Therapy As technology continues to evolve, more sophisticated and efficient solutions have emerged to address common vaginal health concerns. Among them is vaginal laser therapy, utilising Erbium YAG Petit Lady Laser, which offers a more effective treatment option. How does it work? This laser works by delivering laser energy directly to the vaginal tissue, heats the tissues and deliberately induces controlled damage to the vaginal tissues. The induced trauma prompts the body’s inherent healing response, which involves the production of collagen. The augmented collagen production, in turn, leads to the rejuvenation, thickening and tightening of vaginal wall, and improved function like lubrication. Benefits of vaginal laser: 1. Improves vaginal lubrication Vaginal laser therapy can help to increase blood flow to the vaginal area and stimulate the production of collagen and elastin, which can improve vaginal lubrication and reduce vaginal dryness. 2. Reduces vaginal laxity Vaginal laser therapy can help to tighten and tone the vaginal tissues, which can reduce vaginal laxity and improve the appearance and sensation of the vaginal area. 3. Enhances sexual function By increasing vaginal lubrication and improving the tightness of the vaginal tissues, they can potentially enhance sexual function and satisfaction due to reduced pain and increased sensitivity. 4. Treats urinary incontinence Vaginal laser can improve mild to moderate urinary incontinence as collagen remodelling helps to support bladder neck and urethra. While vaginal laser treatment can improve the tightness and elasticity of the vaginal tissues, it is not typically recommended as a primary treatment for pelvic organ prolapse. Instead, treatment options for pelvic organ prolapse are aimed at addressing the underlying weakness or damage to the pelvic muscles and connective tissues. What to expect during the treatment? The procedure typically takes less than 30 minutes to complete. After proper cleaning, specialised laser probe will be inserted into the vagina, and laser energy will be delivered to the vaginal tissue. There are 360 degrees probe that targets the whole vagina for vaginal rejuvenation, and 90 degrees probe to treat stress urinary incontinence. Patients find it painless and generally well-tolerated. Who can get vaginal laser treatment? Not all women are good candidates for vaginal laser treatment. Women who are pregnant, have active vaginal infection or undiagnosed vaginal bleeding should not undergo the procedure. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Apart from vaginal laser, hormonal therapy can also help reduce vaginal dryness. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a treatment option for vaginal dryness that involves the use of hormones to restore estrogen levels in the body. As mentioned previously, estrogen is a hormone that plays crucial role in maintaining vaginal health, including the production of vaginal lubrication. As women age and go through menopause, estrogen levels decline, which can cause a range of symptoms, including vaginal dryness, itching and burning. HRT can be an effective wat to alleviate these symptoms by supplementing the body’s natural estrogen production. HRT can be administered in different forms, such as pills, patches, creams, or vaginal rings. Vaginal estrogen preparations, such as creams, tablets, or rings, or specifically designed to treat vaginal dryness and can provide quick and effective relief. These preparations work by delivering estrogen directly to the vaginal tissues, which helps to increase vaginal lubrication and thickness of the vaginal lining. While HRT can be effective in treating vaginal dryness, it is important to note that is may also be not suitable for everyone. Women with history of breast cancer, blood clots, or liver disease, for instance, may not be able to take estrogen. Additionally, HRT can have some potential side effects, such as bloating, breast tenderness and nausea. Why is my genital area getting darker? Aging brings about many changes to our bodies, some of which are expected, while some you may not notice or anticipate. One such change is the alteration in the colour of the skin around your genital area. The skin in the genital and anal areas of both males and females often appears darker than other parts of the body. This so-called hyperpigmentation is a common occurrence, especially in individuals who have gone through puberty. There are several reasons why intimate areas can appear darker than other parts of your body: Friction and inflammation Friction caused by tight clothing or physical activity can cause the skin to thicken and darken over time, as increased friction leads to melanocyte hyperactivity and pigmentation. Inflammation or irritation caused by waxing, shaving or other forms of hair removal can result in darkening of the skin. The skin folds in the groin area can also undergo a process called keratinisation due to constant rubbing or trauma, which results in thicker and darker skin in those areas. Inflammation caused by rubbing against skin or infections can also lead to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Hormonal changes The cells responsible for producing melanin in the skin, called melanocytes, are especially sensitive to hormones. As such, hormonal changes during puberty, pregnancy, or aging can cause the genital area to darken gradually. Estrogen is one of the hormones that can result in increased pigmentation. This explains the darkening of areolae and nipples as well during pregnancy. Aging You will probably notice genital area gets darker with time. This is because as we age, our skin experiences more years of repeated trauma and hormonal changes. Several medical conditions can also cause darkening of genital area, including: Acanthosis nigricans, which is a condition that causes thickening of the outer layer of skin resulting in a discolouration of brown-to-black, typically around the neck, armpits and groin area. Acanthosis nigricans is most commonly associated with diabetes and insulin resistance, but rarely it can be a sign of internal malignancy. Hormonal disorders or use of certain medications like systemic glucocorticoids and oral contraceptives. Addison disease, also called adrenal insufficiency, is an uncommon illness that can cause hyperpigmentation in certain areas of the body. Hyperpigmentation can occur due to the stimulant effect of excess adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) on the melanocytes to produce melanin. Obesity is associated with darker genital area as excess weight can cause areas of the skin to darken due to friction and rubbing. Fortunately, hyperpigmentation at the genital area can be improved with laser that targets pigment. Laser works by targeting the pigment in the skin cells and breaking it down with heat energy. This process is known as selective photothermolysis and is effective at removing unwanted pigmentation without damaging the surrounding tissue. While laser therapy can effectively treat hyperpigmentation in the genital area, it is imperative to consult a doctor for thorough investigation if this condition is accompanied by other symptoms that suggest an underlying medical condition. In such cases, treatment of the underlying medical condition should be prioritised. Let's Feel Empowered, Confident, and Rejuvenated!

Beauty, as a concept, is deeply personal and shaped by a number of influences, including cultural, social and historical factors. Across diverse cultures and races, perceptions of beauty exhibit remarkable variation. When examining facial aesthetics, it becomes apparent that different races hold distinct ideals of beauty. In certain Asian cultures, delicate features such as petite noses are heralded as epitomes of beauty. Conversely, Western cultures often admire a smaller visage adorned with high cheekbones and a chiseled jawline. In some African societies, larger noses and fuller lips are cherished as symbols of allure, whereas certain Middle Eastern cultures praise the prominence of a well-defined nose. Let’s discuss about beauty standards and interesting trends, with a focus on Western and Korean cultures. We will also explore how to achieve the desired looks associated with these standards. Western High cheek bones In contemporary Western society, high cheekbones are often associated with models, celebrities, and individuals who are considered conventionally attractive. The media plays a significant role in promoting this beauty standard, as images of people with high cheekbones are frequently showcased in advertisements, fashion magazines, and entertainment industries. Dermal fillers can be an effective non- surgical option for enhancing the appearance of high cheekbones. Dermal fillers are injectable substances that are used to add volume, contour, and shape to different areas of the face, including the cheeks. When it comes to achieving high cheekbones, dermal fillers are injected into specific areas of the cheeks to create more definition and a lifted appearance. Defined jawline A strong jawline typically refers to a distinct, angular shape where the jawbone meets the neck. The definition of the jawline can be influenced by various factors, including natural bone resorption that occurs with aging, fat in the lower face, presence of double chin, excessive activity of platysma muscle, or inherent genetic factors that contribute to one’s facial structure. Treatment approaches may differ based on the underlying cause. For instance, if a less defined jawline is due to excess fat at the lower face or a double chin, mesolipolysis or liposuction may be recommended. In cases where bone resorption from aging is the issue, dermal fillers can provide the necessary support and definition. Alternatively, when excessive activity of the platysma muscle is the concern, injection of botulinum toxin A into the specific muscle can help resolve it. Other than that, ultherapy and thread lift are treatments that can effectively address sagginess, which is often responsible for a less defined jawline. By providing firming and lifting effects, jawline can be enhanced, resulting in a more well-defined appearance. Plumped lips In Western beauty tends, plumped lips have become increasingly popular in recent years. The focus is on achieving a visibly fuller pout, with an emphasis on enhancing lip volume, particularly in the central areas of the upper and lower lips. This can be achieved by injection of dermal fillers. Some people even opt for more invasive option, which is lip lift surgery that aims to enhance the appearance of the upper lip by shortening the distance between the upper lip and the base of the nose. It is often sought by individuals who have a longer space between the nose and the upper lip. The surgical technique involves removing a small section of skin and tissue located just above the upper lip, typically in the area between the base of nose and the vermillion border (the border between the coloured part of the lip and the surrounding skin). By shortening this distance, more of the pink lip tissue is exposed, resulting in a lifted and more defined upper lip contour. “Duck lips” is a term used to describe a particular lip appearance that has gained attention and sometimes criticism in popular culture. It refers to an exaggerated or overfilled look of the lips, often achieved through excessive lips filler injections. The result is a pout that protrudes outward, resembling the bill of a duck. The trend of duck lips emerged alongside the popularity of plumped lips in Western beauty standards. However, not all individuals who seek lip enhancements desire or aim for the duck lips look. The exaggerated aesthetic is typically associated with an overdone or disproportionate use of lip fillers. While some people may find the duck lips trend appealing, it has received criticism for deviating from a natural-looking lip appearance. Many beauty professionals and individuals opt for a more subtle and balanced approach to lip augmentation, aiming to enhance the lips while maintaining harmony with the overall facial features. Cat or fox eyes Another trend that has taken the beauty world by storm is the fox eyes trend. The fox eyes trend has quickly become a go-to look for many when influential figures like the Hadid and Kardashian sisters embraced the upturned eyes and arched brow aesthetic. But what exactly is the fox eye trend? Inspired by the captivating eyes of a fox, this trend is all about creating an elongated, almond-shaped eye appearance using numbers of approaches, for example, makeup, brow shaping, lash extension and curling, but some individuals may opt for more long-lasting solutions to achieve the look, which is by thread lift or surgical procedures. Thread lifts procedures involve the utilisation of dissolvable threads to lift the eyebrows and outer corners of the eyes, creating the desired effect. Surgical procedures, such as canthoplasty or lateral canthopexy, can also be performed to modify the shape and positioning of the outer corners of the eyes. Freckles In recent years, freckles have become a trend in the West. Freckles are small, pigmented spots on the skin usually found on sun exposed skin. They are very common, especially in lighter skinned with blond or red hair. Historically, freckles were sometimes seen as undesirable or even covered up, but there has been a shift in beauty standards, and many people now embrace freckles as a cute, unique and attractive feature. The freckles trend gained momentum partly due to the rise of social media and the influence of popular culture. Celebrities and influencers who have natural freckles, such as model Gigi Hadid, actress Emma Watson have helped to popularise freckles and make them more widely accepted. Because of this trend, there has been an increase in products and techniques designed to create the illusion of freckles for those who don’t naturally have them. For example, some makeup brands offer freckle pencils or markers that allow individuals to draw freckles on their skin, giving the appearance of sun-kissed look. Additionally, freckles have become a popular feature in beauty and fashion editorials, advertising campaigns, and runway shows. Many photographers and makeup artists accentuate freckles in their work, showcasing the natural beauty and diversity of individuals. A trend has also gained popularity on TikTok where users, particularly beauty influencers, are using temporary hair colour sprays across the nose and cheeks to get fake freckles, while some use henna to draw semi-permanent freckles on their faces. The boobs and the booty In Western countries, there is a prevailing preference for body figures with more pronounced curves. There are several celebrities who are admired for their curvaceous bodies and considered attractive. Some examples include Beyoncé, Jennifer Lopez, Mariah Carey, Kim Kardashian and Scarlett Johansson. While some individuals are naturally blessed with a voluptuous figure, others head straight to the gym, specifically targeting exercises like squats, in the pursuit of curves like an hourglass. The journey from flat to fabulous sometimes do require some makeover. Breast augmentation and butt lift are popular procedures. Breast augmentation can be done with breast fillers, fat transfer or implants, whereas for those seeking a fuller, rounder, more lifted buttock contour, surgical butt lifts, fillers, and the infamous Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL) are at your service. Korean On the other side of the globe, the Korean beauty industry has experienced a remarkable surge in popularity attributed to the rise in fame of K-dramas and K-pop. The Korean beauty standard emphasizes flawless, luminous skin, delicate facial features, and a youthful appearance. This ideal draws inspiration from traditional beauty practices, such as the pursuit of “glass skin” and the charm of aegyo sal, while embracing modern trends like K-pop and the global “K beauty” phenomenon. Clear skin Korean beauty standards focus on having clear, smooth and youthful-looking skin with a complexion that is light, bright, and free from blemishes, including freckles. So how do they achieve this seemingly flawless skin? First of all, Koreans knows how to pamper their skin like it’s royalty. They take their sunscreen and skincare routine seriously, but there are also times when skincare alone is not enough to reach the pinnacle of perfection. This is when aesthetic procedures come into picture. Lasers help to reduce hyperpigmentation and even out skin tone, skin boosters hydrate and brighten the skin, vitamin drip for whitening and biostimulators injection to stimulate collagen and elastin production. This might be one of the reasons why Koreans look perpetually youthful, defying their actual age. Oval or V-shaped face There is a particular emphasis on the shape of the face. An oval or V-shaped face is considered the ideal, as it exudes a youthful charm. Some individuals possess smooth and curvaceous facial structure, others may have a more square-shaped face due to enlarged masseter muscles. This can be a result of genetics, teeth grinding, or excessive chewing. Botox injection can address the size of masseter muscle by temporarily relaxing the muscle fibers, reducing the bulkiness and hypertrophy of masseter muscles. Unlike the Western beauty ideal that often cherishes high cheekbones and a defined jawline, the focus in Korea leans more towards achieving a harmonious and smooth facial contour. Dermal fillers are popular option to sculpt facial structure in a softer and more feminine appearance, including smoother cheeks and enhance a narrow and petite chin, perfectly complementing a desired V-shaped face. For those seeking a more dramatic transformation, V-line surgery (jaw and chin reduction) and cheekbone reduction (zygoma) surgeries are popular tools to change the facial contour. Also, a V-shaped face must have a forehead proportionate to the rest of the face, striking a delicate balance. So, dermal fillers are widely used to create a smooth forehead. Straight eyebrows While it may seem like a minor detail, eyebrows hold the key to framing and accentuating the features of the face. Koreans admire the beauty of simplicity- a pair of eyebrows that gracefully follow the natural curve of the brow bone without excessive arching or sharp angles. These straight or slightly arched eyebrows create a perception of youthfulness. Double eyelids Double eyelids are believed to make the eyes appear larger, more expressive and aesthetically pleasing. In Korea, where monolids are more common among the population, the desire for double eyelids has led people to double eyelid surgery. It has become a routine procedure for many individuals seeking to enhance their eye shape. Aegyo Sal Aegyo Sal is a beauty trend that originated in South Korea. It refers to the slight puffiness under the eyes that create a youthful and cute appearance. “Aegyo” means cuteness or charming in Korean, and “sal” means flesh or fat. The trend gained popularity in the early 2000s and has since become a prominent feature in Korean beauty standards. “ Aren’t those eyebags?” There are differences between Aegyo Sal and eyebags. The primary distinction lies in the placement and colour. Aegyo sal becomes noticeable right below your lower eye lids when you smile, while eyebags are present regardless of your facial expression. Eyebags can also be darker and typically appear lower, usually extending about two inches beneath the eyes. In order to achieve this look, hyaluronic acid filler can be injected, or individuals can also undergo fat transfer to the undereye area to add volume. Lips While the desire for plumper lips is prominent, the trend also emphasizes natural-looking results. Many individuals aim for a balance between enhanced volume and maintaining the overall harmony of their facial features. In other words, Koreans prefer lips that are plump and inviting, yet still maintain a sense of authenticity. Body contour When it comes to body contour, Korean beauty standards differ from those in the West. In Korea, curvaceous figures like that of Kim Kardashian are often considered excessive. Instead, the beauty ideal for Korean women is to be thin and slender, emphasizing a slim and lean physique rather than a muscular or athletic one. The focus is more on appearing thin rather than having a curvy or voluptuous shape. To achieve a slim appearance, other than exercising, many women resort to dieting or choose to undergo aesthetic procedures such as mesolipolysis or liposuction. These methods are commonly employed to reduce body fat and contour the body according to desired beauty standards. However, beauty standards are not fixed or uniform within a country. They evolve over time, influenced by changing societal values, media representation, and individual interpretations. What is considered beautiful in one region may differ from another. So, what beauty ideals do you adhere to or find appealing? Our approach to client care is rooted in a meticulous analysis of your facial features, coupled with a genuine attentiveness to your concerns and expectations. A personalized treatment plan will be given according to your needs and desires, ensuring a truly customized experience. We also aim to achieve a natural looking result that complements your facial features, avoiding an overfilled appearance.

I’m sure by now if you are reading this article, you are probably looking to get a double eyelid procedure done but still antsy about it and probably still considering. 1. TYPES OF DOUBLE EYELID CREATION. there are 2 main types of double eyelid creation. Either you choose surgical blepharoplasty or a minimally invasive double eyelid stitching. If you need excess skin removal or multiple corrections in one setting, surgical blepharoplasty is the one for you. 2. DIFFERENT TYPES OF EYELIDS. There are a few types of double eyelids. But when it comes to choosing one for your surgery, it comes down to parallel shape or tapered shape. Parallel shape is more popular option in Malaysia as it gives the illusion of bigger eyes without the need for epicanthoplasty. 3. YOU CANNOT 100% GET THE EYES OF YOUR IDOL Yes, it is very tempting to want to look like your favourite idol. But unless you are looking to get a surgery done in Korea (even that I’m not sure they can do it), a simple eyelid stitching will not get you anywhere near a lookalike. However, your eyes will definitely be a better version compared to before doing it. 4. DOCTORS ARE NOT GODS Omaiiigoodd! I cannot emphasize this enough. Many a times, I get clients who have the illusion that we can perform miracles despite numerous pre-surgery consults emphasizing the same thing over and over again. No, we are not gods. No we can’t perform miracles. Yes, there will DEFINITELY be downtime. No, you don’t instantly get the end result without any swelling whatsoever. No, you will not look like Korean popstar. No, your eyes cannot be zero puffy if you are banking on the fence of overweight and obese (c’mon guys, our skin has subcutaneous fats too which are never extracted during an eyelid surgery. We only remove fats in compartmentalised fat pads). 5. RISKS AND RECOVERY Eyelid procedures are done very near the eyes. And it’s the first thing that someone will see when they look at you. Especially now that we wear masks, your eyes become the centre of attention. Swelling is unavoidable as you will be injected with local anesthesia. This takes easily up to 3 months to FULLY SUBSIDE for eyelid stitching, and possibly up to 1 year for eyelid cutting. Of course, you can start using makeup by 1 week. 6. CHOOSE A DOCTOR I cannot emphasize this enough. Always go to a doctor for this to be done. When done by non certified professional or beautician, you run the risks of scarring, infections, imbalance work, improper assessment of ptosis etc 7. HEIGHT OF EYELIDS Suitable height of eyelid is very subjective and takes into account factors such as do you wear makeup? Do you natural or more exaggerated look? Do you want tapered or parallel shapes? Or do you have asymmetrical eyelids with one side already having a higher eyelid? Or do you have ptosis? 8. BIG SMALL EYES/ PTOSIS CONDITION MUST BE CORRECTED this condition also known as ptosis is due to a weakness in our eyelid muscles that lift the eyelids. When there is weakness in one or both eyes, it will lead to droopy eyelids or assymetrical eyelids. To check out RJ CLINIC double eyelid creation, click here https://www.rjclinic.my/double-eyelid-stitching

Aesthetic medicine is kind of a big deal lately, getting tons of attention and sparking conversations. But, not everyone's cheering it on—some folks are giving it the side-eye. Are these beauty treatments getting a bad rap, or is it just a case of mixed-up stories? Listed below are the myths and misunderstandings surrounding aesthetic medicine. Misconception 1: Aesthetic procedures are only for the vain Some people believe that those who opt for aesthetic procedures are only doing it because they are chasing social media fame. Sure, social media has its influence, and let's be real, who doesn't want to rack up those likes and views? But, the world of aesthetic treatments is way more diverse than just chasing popularity. One significant reason is the confidence boost that comes with looking and feeling your best. Aesthetic treatments are not just about outward appearances; they can be a powerful tool for enhancing self-esteem and promoting a positive self-image. It is not about being vain; it is about feeling good in your own skin. Moreover, let’s not forget that aesthetic procedures sometimes play a role in correcting imperfections resulting from accidents or medical conditions. It is not always about chasing an idealised beauty standard, it is about reclaiming a sense of normalcy or addressing physical challenges. And guess what? The aging process is entirely natural, but not everyone is ready to fully embrace it, and that is perfectly okay! Aesthetic treatments can help address signs of aging, not because someone is trying to turn back time unrealistically, but because they want to age gracefully and maintain a sense of confidence in their appearance. Similarly, when it comes to addressing acne and those lingering acne scars, it is not just about the physical aspect. Acne can take a toll on a person’s self-esteem, and the impact goes beyond skin deep, influencing their daily life. Imagine waking up every day, facing the mirror, and feeling disheartened by the visible marks left by acne. By targeting and minimising acne and scars, these treatments contribute significantly to helping individuals regain control over their appearance. Misconception 2: Aesthetic results look unnatural Many people shy away from aesthetic treatments because they fear walking out looking like a completely different person. One of the most prevalent yet undesired outcomes in aesthetic procedures is known as facial overfilled syndrome. Facial overfilled syndrome happens when there's an excessive and frequent use of dermal fillers, leading to a swollen or overly plumped appearance. But here's the lowdown: we aim for natural results unless our client requests for a dramatic change. Modern techniques focus on making enhancements that blend in with your own features, so it's not about going extreme but more about giving you a little boost that looks totally balanced. The aim? You, but just a bit upgraded. Misconception 3: Aesthetic procedures are one-size-fits-all Each person’s anatomy, skin type, and aesthetic goals are unique. It is essential to recognize that even if you and a friend share a similar concern, the assumption that the same treatment would be applicable to both is a misconception. Aesthetic treatment is personalized, meaning that each person’s unique characteristics and goals are taken into account when devising a treatment plan. Misconception 4: Aesthetic procedures are always invasive and risky While surgical procedures exist, there is a wide array of non-invasive or minimally invasive treatments available. Technological advancements, such as lasers, injectables, threads, and energy- based devices, allow for effective aesthetic enhancements with reduced risks and downtime. While it is fantastic that aesthetic treatments can address concerns with less invasive approaches, it is crucial to understand that minimally invasive procedures come with their own set of limitations. Let’s take the example of a facelift: if you are dealing with significant skin laxity and you aim to shave off a couple of decades from your appearance, a surgical facelift might be the more suitable option. This brings us to another common misconception about aesthetic treatments- the belief that minimally invasive procedures can provide a 100% solution to any issue. It is essential to manage expectations realistically. While these treatments can work in enhancing and rejuvenating, they may not achieve the same level of transformation as invasive surgical procedures, especially in cases of advanced aging or severe skin conditions. Understanding the scope and limitations is the key to achieving satisfying results. If you're after a non-surgical treatment that gives your face a tight and lifted look, Renuvion J Plasma is likely your best option. This technology uses a mix of helium plasma and radiofrequency energy to heat the deeper layers of your skin in a precise and controlled way, resulting in skin tightening and rejuvenation without going under the knife. However, surgical facelift is best if you’re in your late 50s and beyond and are experiencing severe drooping skin. Additional information: Renuvion J Plasma is not limited to just the face—it can also be done on various body areas like the tummy, love handles, back, arms, and thighs. What's even better is that it can be paired with liposuction. If you've had liposuction, this treatment can tighten the skin in those treated areas, giving you a more sculpted and contoured look. Misconception 5: A Single treatment can solve your problem completely A prevalent misconception in aesthetic medicine revolves around the belief that a single treatment is sufficient to yield optimal results. In reality, achieving the desired outcome often involves a combination of treatments employing various modalities. This misconception of one-size-fits-all solution can lead to unrealistic expectations and dissatisfaction with the results. It is important to understand that the human body responds differently to treatments, and the multifaceted nature of aesthetic concerns may necessitate a comprehensive approach. For instance, addressing facial rejuvenation may require a combination of treatments such as botox for dynamic wrinkles, fillers for deep static wrinkles and volume restoration, energy based devices for lifting and skin texture improvement. Each modality targets specific aspects, synergistically contributing to an overall enhanced appearance. This approach not only enhances the effectiveness of the treatment but also allows for a more personalised and nuanced outcome. Building on the discussion of facial overfilled syndrome mentioned earlier, it is important to know that solely depending on a single method—such as using dermal fillers to tackle facial sagging, heightens the likelihood of overfilling the face. When we limit ourselves to one treatment modality, we might unintentionally go overboard. While not every issue necessitates multiple treatment modalities, some of your concerns may indeed require more than a single treatment. Misconception 6: The practitioner is fully responsible for your treatment results Keeping up with the results of your aesthetic treatment is not just about what happens in the clinic. It is also about what you do at home and how you live your life. Do not assume that the treatment alone does all the work. Taking care of yourself and making good lifestyle choices are key players in making sure you get the most out of your aesthetic experience. Let say you get a laser treatment for your hyperpigmentation, your skincare routine at home matters. Sunscreen, and skincare products that lighten pigments, antioxidants are important to help your skin stay healthy and makes treatment results last longer. If you're getting treatment for acne, it's crucial to resist the urge to touch or pop your pimples. Steering clear of high-glycemic-index foods and dairy products is also key. Make sure to stick to the skincare routine or take any oral medications as prescribed. Consistency is the name of the game. Misconception 7: Aesthetic treatments are overpriced There is a common belief that aesthetic treatments are overpriced, but the equipment, machines, and injectable products used in these treatments come with a hefty price tag. Prioritising the safety of our clients and ensuring effective results are non-negotiable. We invest in good products and machines, and the cost is a reflection of the quality we uphold. Furthermore, aesthetic doctors undergo extensive training, starting from years in medical school to serving in government hospitals and additional training to continually enhance knowledge and skills. When you pay for a treatment, you are not just covering the procedure; you are also paying for the expertise and service provided by trained professionals. Besides, some wonder why they shouldn’t opt for cheaper skincare products at the drugstore or some random online shop. The key difference lies in the fact that the products we use are of medical grade. Their higher cost is justified by the rigorous studies conducted to prove their effectiveness and safety. Frequently, the formulation and concentration of ingredients in products can vary, leading to different outcomes. You should also beware of counterfeit products or machines in the market. If you come across a significant price difference at other establishments, it's a red flag that should prompt questions about the authenticity of the machine or product. Using counterfeit products or machines not only fails to deliver results comparable to the genuine ones but can also pose a risk of complications if luck is not on your side. Misconception 8: Aesthetic procedures’ results are permanent Another common misconception is that aesthetic results are permanent. While some treatments offer long-lasting effects, the majority are not permanent and may require maintenance over time. Factors such as aging, lifestyle, and individual physiology can influence the longevity of results. Take hyaluronic acid fillers, they hang around for about 1 to 1 1/2 years, while Botox does its thing for 3-6 months. Result from Ultherapy lasts one to two years depending on how good you are at keeping your collagen game strong through your lifestyle and diet. More invasive procedures like liposuction and eyebag surgery, despite offering results that last longer than less invasive options, don't last forever. Changes in weight and the natural aging process can still have a say in how long these surgical outcomes stick around. Misconception 9: Only one treatment session is required Getting the best out of most non-invasive or minimally invasive aesthetic treatments usually involves a series of sessions. Whether it is to reach the optimal outcome initially or to keep those results in check, multiple sessions are often required. Misconception 10: Aesthetic treatments are only for the face Our aesthetic treatments extend beyond the face to include rejuvenation for areas such as the neck, décolletage, and hands, restoration of hair, as well as body contouring treatment to enhance your overall appearance and confidence. Our treatments also extend to the most personal areas, taking care of your intimate business for both the ladies and gents. Because self-care should be a party for every body part! Misconception 11: Aesthetic treatments are only for females Some people still think that beauty treatments are only for women. But guess what? That's old news! Nowadays, more guys are getting in on the action to look and feel their best. So, guys, don't be shy—looking good isn't just for the ladies. If you are already confident with how you look, why not bring that A-game to the bedroom too? Aesthetic treatments are not just for looking good—they can also level up your performance!

Acne, a common skin condition, affects millions worldwide, leaving behind not just physical but emotional imprints on people who suffer from it. While acne itself can be distressing, the scars it leaves behind often pose an enduring challenge, affecting self-confidence and self-esteem. Acne scars form as a result of inflammatory acne lesions, where the skin tissue is damaged during the healing process. There are two main types of scars: atrophic scars, which appear as a depression in the skin, and raised scars that include hypertrophic and keloid scars. Each type requires a unique approach to treatment. Prevention is better than cure Preventing new acne breakouts and treating acne early before scar formation is crucial. A proper skincare products and routine that involve gentle cleansing, non-comedogenic products, and sun protection can create a stable environment for your skin. If your acne persists despite using over-the-counter skincare products, consultation with doctor is necessary for appropriate treatment. Treatment can include topicals, oral medications, procedural treatments or combination based on the severity of your acne. Types of acne scars Atrophic scars develop when there is insufficient collagen production during the skin’s repair after a breakout. There are three main types of atrophic acne scars: 1. Rolling scar Rolling scars are wide depressions with shallow edge, giving the skin a wave-like appearance. They result from the damage and tethering of underlying tissue. This happens when skin heals from inflammation, fibrous bands form underneath, pulling the epidermis downwards and creating the rolling or undulating appearance. 2. Boxcar scar Boxcar scars are broader depressions with well- defined edges. 3. Icepick scar Icepick scars are deep and narrow. They develop when an inflamed acne follicle collapses, causing a deep pit in the skin. Hypertrophic scars and keloids are types of raised scars that can develop after acne lesions have healed. 1. Hypertrophic scars Hypertrophic scars develop due to an overproduction of collagen during the healing process of acne lesions. When the body repairs the skin after acne, excess collagen is produced, leading to the raised and thickened appearance characteristic of hypertrophic scars. They are located at the site of healed pimple, and do not extend beyond the boundaries of the original acne lesion. 2. Keloids Keloids result from an overgrowth of scar tissue beyond the boundaries of the original wound or acne lesion. They can have a rubbery or hard consistency, and can be itchy, painful, and extend into surrounding healthy skin. Keloids can develop after severe or deep acne lesions, especially in individuals with a genetic predisposition to keloid formation. Hypertrophic and keloid scars can affect people of any race, ethnicity, or population. However, it is noted that individuals with darker skin tones, particularly those of African, Hispanic, and Asian descent, are more prone to developing hypertrophic and keloid scars. These scars tend to be more noticeable and prevalent in people with darker skin tone. They can develop not only after acne resolves but also following various forms of injury, including trauma, surgical procedures, injections, and piercings. In general, scars are common in individuals who experience severe or inflamed acne. Picking, squeezing, or manipulating acne lesions can increase the risk of developing scars. There is a range of treatments available for atrophic scars, including: Microneedling As its name suggest, it basically utilizes a device equipped with multiple tiny, sterile needles to create micro-injuries in the skin. There are three basic forms of microneedling devices: the dermaroller, which is dragged across the skin to create punctures, dermapen, which creates punctures in skin in a high-speed stamping motion, and derma stamp that works just like a stamp to push microneedles into the skin that needs to be treated. It works by creating controlled injuries to the skin, triggering the body’s natural healing response and stimulates collagen production, hence improving the appearance of atrophic scars. Subcision Subcision is for scars that are tethered to underlying tissues, causing them to appear depressed or uneven, such as rolling acne scars. Cannula is inserted beneath the skin through a tiny incision made in the skin’s surface. The cannula is then moved back and forth in a controlled manner. This motion helps release the fibrous bands that are pulling the scar downward, allowing the depressed area to lift and become more level with the surrounding skin. Chemical peel Chemical solution is applied to the skin, causing it to exfoliate and peel off in few days. This process encourages new, healthier skin to replace the old, damaged skin, resulting in a smoother skin. In cases when the scars are deep like icepick or deep boxcar scars, TCA cross is used. TCA cross is a procedure used to treat acne scars, particularly ice pick scars. Unlike traditional chemical peels that are applied over the entire face, TCA cross targets specific scars. A high concentration of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is precisely applied to the base of each individual acne scar. The acid penetrates the skin, causing controlled damage to the scar tissue. Skin then undergoes healing process, during which new collagen forms. This collagen production helps to elevate and fill in the depressed scar, making it less noticeable. The whitish discoloration is called frosting, which occurs 30 seconds to 2 minutes after application. This frosting effect is a result of protein coagulation in the epidermis caused by the reaction of TCA with the skin proteins. It indicated the precise penetration of the acid and suggests that the treatment is working as intended. Frosting is a temporary reaction. Laser resurfacing Ablative lasers emit high- energy light pulses that vaporize or remove the outer layers of skin, allowing fresh skin to emerge. Ablative lasers are available in fractional and fully ablative forms. Fractional lasers target columns of skin tissue, leaving adjacent areas untouched to optimize the healing process. In contrast, fully ablative lasers remove the entire outer skin layer and penetrate the underlying dermis with heat. Recovery after fully ablative treatments typically involves more downtime and careful aftercare, and pose risks for individuals with dark skin tones due to potential pigmentation issues. Nevertheless, its ability to effectively treat acne scars is unquestionable. Another option for resurfacing without damaging too much burn of the superficial skin is the Sublative treatment. Whereby RF energy is shot below the skin. Radiofrequency microneedling RF microneedling is a minimally invasive procedure that combines microneedling with radiofrequency energy to rejuvenate the skin and improve its texture. There are multiple microneedles fixed onto the device, and the microneedles penetrate your skin and deliver radiofrequency at a preset depth. It differs from ablative lasers in several aspects. Ablative lasers remove the layers of skin from epidermis to dermis, whereas RF microneedling spares the epidermis, as insulated needles penetrate into your skin at a preset depth in dermal layer, where scars reside, before delivery of energy. Because of this, RF microneedling has lesser downtime and is safer for individuals with darker skin tone due to lower risk of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Besides, ablative lasers also cannot reach as deep as RF microneedling, making them less effective when used as a standalone treatment for deep scars. Rejuran S Rejuran S is gaining popularity as a treatment for acne scars. Rejuran S contains polynucleotides, which are DNA fragments extracted from salmon and has excellent biocompatibility with human skin without any immune response. Polynucleotide have regenerative and healing properties, thus is used for skin rejuvenation. Rejuran S has higher viscosity compared to other range of Rejuran, enabling it to plump the depressed area, making scars appear less noticeable instantly. However, the plumping effect is temporary and does not reflect the final outcome of the treatment. The complete benefits of the treatment become evident over several months when new and more collagen are formed. Dermal filler Dermal filler adds volume to the depressed areas, raising the depressed areas to the level of surrounding skin. This approach provides immediate results, although it's temporary and requires periodic touch-ups. Punch excisions For deep or stubborn scars, punch excisions involve removing the scar and stitching the skin back together. This method is particularly effective for ice pick scars. Treatments for keloid and hypertrophic acne scars include steroid injection, application of silicone sheets or gels, pressure dressing, laser treatments or surgical excision of scar tissue. Acne scars in darker skin Addressing acne scars in individuals with darker skin tones presents a distinctive challenge. Darker skin naturally contains more melanin, the pigment responsible for skin colour. Procedures that penetrate the skin’s upper layer can potentially lead to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). While PIH is a common part of healing process for people with darker skin, dissatisfaction among clients might lead to non-compliance or discontinuation of treatment sessions. Besides, to minimise the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, gentler treatment settings are often employed, necessitating more sessions for effective results. For darker skin type, it is essential to use specific skincare ingredients before and after the procedure and protect the treated area from sun exposure during the healing process to prevent PIH. Improving acne scars demands patience and commitment. Deep scars often necessitate a combination of diverse treatments. A consultation is essential to determine the most suitable therapies tailored to your specific scars and skin type. Dark spots and red spots after acne After acne heals, skin sometimes develops dark and red spots, referred to as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) and postinflammatory erythema respectively. PIH arises from abnormal melanin production and deposition after inflammation, leading to dark spots. Postinflammatory erythema, on the other hand, results from damage and dilation of small blood vessels due to inflammation, causing red spots. While both conditions are temporary, they can persist for months or even years without treatment. Home DIY microneedling YAY or NAY? In recent years, microneedling has emerged as a highly sought-after aesthetic treatment, gaining immense popularity among individuals seeking to enhance their skin’s appearance. Microneedling does not only improve scars, but the procedure also facilitates improved absorption of skincare products into the skin, as the punctures created by the microneedles allow for deeper penetration through the skin’s primary barrier, the stratum corneum. This, in turns, can lead to a more profound and long- lasting improvement in the skin’s texture, tone and overall appearance. Microneedling is a beneficial treatment for a range of skin conditions, extending beyond scars to address issues like fine lines, hyperpigmentation, postinflammatory erythema, enlarged pores, and stretch marks. While professional microneedling is performed by licensed aestheticians or dermatologists, the skyrocketing popularity of microneedling has led to a surge in the use of at-home DIY devices. Yet, the crucial question that beckons attention is whether it is prudent to undertake microneedling at home with such devices, considering the potential safety concerns. Professional microneedling VS home microneedling RISK OF INFECTION Risk of infection is one significant aspect. Microneedling should be conducted in a clean environment with sterile tools, and appropriate skin preparation and after-care are essential. When performed at home, the lack of sterility and proper care increases the likelihood of infection. The risk further compounds when the same device head is repeatedly used. Conversely, professional microneedling is conducted in a controlled and sterile environment, minimizing the risk of infection. RESULT Microneedling require knowledge of anatomy and proper training to utilize correctly. Microneedling done by professionals ensures optimal outcomes by controlling depth and speed of the device based on area of the face and specific indication. Furthermore, professionals use more advanced microneedling devices with longer needles to achieve more noticeable results. However, in the hands of an amateur, long needles can post a threat to safety. SAFETY PROFILE In today’s era, the advent of social media has enabled individuals to share their own “how-to” guides on various topics, including skincare. However, incorrect techniques can result in suboptimal outcomes, such as unsightly scarring. The idea of at-home microneedling may seem like a convenient and affordable way to achieve smoother, more youthful-looking skin, it is not without risks. Improper use of the device can lead to unwanted outcomes like infection and scarring. Although home microneedling can be beneficial when it is done correctly, it is an indisputable fact that professional microneedling produces superior results with better safety profile.

Malaysia is facing alarming projections regarding obesity rates in the near future. According to a recent report by the World Obesity Federation, it is anticipated that 41% of the country’s adults will be obese by 2035, indicating a significant rise in the prevalence of obesity. Excess body fat can have severe health implications, including heart diseases, stroke, type 2 diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders like osteoarthritis, and certain cancers like endometrial, breast, and colon cancer. These conditions not only lead to premature death, but also cause significant disability. Let’s face it, saying no to yummy treats, especially when there are so many tempting cafes and restaurants, can be tough! But hey, the good news is, more and more folks are hitting the gym and embracing the fitness vibe. Are you fat or fit? People often express a desire to ‘lose weight’, but it is crucial to understand that weight is not just about fat; it includes muscle mass too. Consider this scenario: imagine a bodybuilder and a sedentary person, both having the same height and weight, resulting in a BMI of 30, which is classified as obese. Does this mean the bodybuilder is obese? Certainly not. This highlights the limitation of using weight and BMI as sole indicators of health or ideal body composition. Weight can’t differentiate between muscle and fat, and a person with a higher muscle mass might have a higher weight but be healthier and fitter than someone with the same weight but lower muscle mass. It is essential to focus on body composition, overall fitness, and lifestyle habits rather than relying solely on weight-related metrics to assess health and well-being. An effective method to gauge your body composition is through our InBody machine, which provides analysis of your muscle and fat distribution. It also offers segmental analysis, means it precisely reveals how your fat and muscles are distributed throughout your body. Additionally, the InBody machine can estimate your visceral fat level, giving you an understanding of your internal fat accumulation, a crucial insight for overall health assessment. With this detailed information, you can make informed decisions about your fitness and wellness journey. In terms of losing fat, the key lies in maintaining a balance between the calories you consume and the calories you expend. Calorie intake can be controlled by reducing overall fat consumption and choosing unsaturated fats over saturated fats. Food with high glycemic index should be avoided while intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains and nuts should be increased. One practical strategy for managing your calorie intake effectively is by taking meal replacement. What are the best approaches to fat loss? Berry Fit Berry fit is a meal replacement drink designed to provide a convenient alternative to your traditional meal. It is fortified with essential nutrients, including proteins, carbohydrates, healthy fats, vitamins and minerals, aiming to offer a balanced nutritional profile similar to a full meal. Its delicious taste comes from a blend of mixed berried (blackberry, raspberry, blueberry, elderberry) despite being sugar and milk-free. The multigrain ingredient gives it a satisfying texture. Whether you prefer it concentrated or diluted is entirely up to you; adjust the water to achieve your desired thickness. Few benefits of meal replacement drinks include: Convenience You can consider meal replacement if you have busy lifestyles and does not have time to prepare or sit down for a full meal. They are quick, portable, and can be consumed on the go. Weight Management Meal replacement drinks can be part of your weight loss or weight management plan. Berry Fit has controlled calorie content of 120 kcal, making it easier to monitor daily caloric intake, which is essential for weight control. Nutritional balance Berries are packed with antioxidants, essential for bolstering your immune system and supporting overall health. These powerful compounds not only fortify your body’s defenses, but also play a key role in promoting healthy aging. Berry Fit is also formulated to provide essential nutrients, including proteins, fibers, vitamins and minerals. It aims to offer a well-rounded nutritional profile, ensuring that consumers receive a mix of macronutrients and micronutrients. Protein content in Berry Fit also help you to maintain and build muscle mass, promotes satiety, and supports the feeling of fullness. Next, to burn calories, it is beneficial to engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity most days. Various technologies can also support your efforts in achieving fat loss goals, such as: Redustim Redustim is an aesthetic medical device that uses BioStimology technology, in which low frequency alternating BioEnergetic field stimulates calcium pump in the muscle cells. Calcium pump causes contraction of muscles, and uses energy in the form of ATP that is derived from visceral fat, thereby reducing visceral fat. Treatment takes 45 minutes per session, and effect is comparable to heavy exercise. On top of that, ReduStim has micropressure that follows the direction of lymphatic drainage. This helps to eliminate toxins and metabolic wastes including broken down fat cells from the body through lymphatic drainage. People tend to overlook the importance of building muscle mass. In fact, building muscle mass is not only for those looking to lose weight but also for individuals who appear slim. EMS EMS is a non-invasive body contouring treatment that uses high intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM) technology to induce powerful muscle contractions. These contractions are similar to those that occur during intense physical exercise, resulting in the strengthening and toning of muscles in specific areas. It is especially beneficial for individuals who face challenges engaging in rigorous workouts due to mobility issues but aim to shed excess fat and enhance muscle tone. Why is building muscles important? Muscle tissue requires more energy at rest compared to fat tissue. Therefore, having more muscle increases your resting metabolic rate, meaning you burn more calories even when you are not active. This increased calorie expenditure makes it easier to maintain a healthy weight. Also, muscles are actively involved in most physical activities. When you have more muscle mass, you burn more calories during exercises. After a workout, your body continues to burn calories during the recovery process, especially if the workout involved resistance training. This phenomenon is known as excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) or the afterburn effect. Having more muscle increases the duration and intensity of this effect, leading to additional calorie burn and potential weight loss. Physical performance Muscles provide the strength and power needed for daily activities and physical performances. Whether it is lifting groceries or participating in sports, adequate muscle mass enhances overall functionality. Adequate muscle mass maintains functional independence, allowing you to perform daily tasks without assistance even when you aged. Bone health Muscles provide support to the bones. Engaging in weight-bearing exercises that build muscle also promotes bone density, reducing the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Neglecting muscle development can lead to a frail and unhealthy body, even for those with a seemingly slim physique. Hence, it is an aspect of fitness that should not be ignored, as it plays a role in preventing future health issues. EMS is not just beneficial for muscle toning at your tummy, arms, thighs, buttocks. It can also address specific concerns such as strengthening the pelvic floor muscles. This is particularly important for women who experience incontinence, either due to overweight or have gone through pregnancy, hormonal changes, like reduced estrogen during menopause, causing weaken pelvic floor muscles and surrounding ligaments. This issue is not exclusive to women; men, especially with age, can also face bladder weakness. By simply sitting fully clothed on EMS chair for a 30-minutes session, EMS helps improve the performance of pelvic floor muscles, providing a non- invasive and convenient way to address this concern. Unexpected weight gain or struggles with weight loss might be indicative of underlying medical conditions. If you find yourself experiencing rapid weight changes despite your efforts, further workup may be required to rule out medical issues, and addressing them can be key to achieving your health and fitness goals. Some medical conditions that closely link to increased body fat include: Hypothyroidism Thyroid issues can affect your weight, body temperature and total and resting energy expenditure regardless of physical activity. With hypothyroidism, your metabolism slows down. In other words, you will gain weight, and it is harder to shed extra pounds or maintain a healthy body weight. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) PCOS is a condition where the ovaries produce an excessive amount of androgens, typically found in small quantities in women. The term ‘polycystic’ refers to the multiple small cysts (fluid-filled sacs) that develop in the ovaries. PCOS is closely linked to obesity and difficulty losing weight. Many women with PCOS have insulin resistance, which means their bodies do not respond well to insulin (hormone that converts sugars from food into energy), causing insulin and sugar to build up in the bloodstream. Insulin resistance can promote fat storage, particularly around the abdomen. It can also lead to increased hunger and cravings, making it more challenging to maintain a healthy diet and lose weight. Obesity in turn can also exacerbate the symptoms of PCOS such as further metabolic issues and reproductive abnormalities. Cushing syndrome Cushing syndrome is a condition characterised by the overproduction of cortisol. One of its prominent features is central or truncal obesity, meaning excess fat accumulates around the abdomen and torso. The reason behind this specific distribution of fat can be attributed to the interplay of appetite stimulation and the impact of glucocorticoids, the class of hormones that includes cortisol. Glucocorticoids not only influence our appetite, often leading to increased cravings and overeating, but they also promote the storage of visceral fat. Visceral fat is the fat stored around internal organs in the abdominal cavity and is associated with various health risks. Excessive cortisol also disrupts the body’s normal fat distribution, leading to central obesity with sparing of fat accumulation in buttocks and thighs. Does stress make you fat? Yes, it does. Cortisol, a hormone naturally generated by the adrenal glands, plays a role in your body’s stress response. When you encounter stress, cortisol is released, triggering the fight-or-flight mechanism. This response temporarily halts regular bodily functions and slows down your metabolism, redirecting energy to cope with the stressor. Chronic stress or prolonged periods of heightened cortisol levels can lead to various health issues. One significant effect of elevated cortisol levels is their impact on your metabolism and eating habits. Cortisol stimulates your fat and carbohydrate metabolism, generating a surge of energy. While this process is beneficial in high-stress situations, it also increases your appetite. Moreover, increased cortisol levels often result in cravings for sweet, fatty and salty food. Excess cortisol in your system can interfere with the production of other hormones, like testosterone. A surplus of cortisol may cause your body to generate less testosterone, a hormone crucial for maintaining muscle mass and regulating your metabolism. Consequently, a decreased testosterone levels can lead to a reduction in muscle mass and a slowdown in the number of calories your body burns at rest. Insufficient sleep or insomnia can also make you fat. Inadequate sleep disrupts the balance of key hormones, increasing ghrelin which boosts appetite and decreasing leptin which signals fullness. This imbalance often leads to weight gain. Conversely, getting sufficient sleep could help regulate these hormones, promoting a healthier balance and potentially supporting weight management. When facing increasing body fat linked to medical conditions, the primary objective is to address the root cause of the issue, rather than solely focusing on weight loss. By treating the core health issue, you can achieve sustainable and healthier weight management outcomes.

Beauty is more than skin deep, and sometimes, our bodies send signals through aesthetic changes that could be indicators of underlying health issues. Let's uncover the subtle signs that your body might be trying to tell you something about your overall health. Aesthetic issues: Xanthelasma Xanthelasma is a skin condition characterized by yellowish, cholesterol-rich deposits that typically appear around the eyelids. These soft, raised patches are often symmetrical and can vary in size. While xanthelasma itself is usually harmless, it can be indicative of underlying health issues, particularly elevated cholesterol levels and an increased risk of heart disease. Typically, this condition is observed in individuals in their middle-aged or older years, and it appears more frequently in women than in men. It is most prevalent among individuals with familial roots in Asia or the Mediterranean. Approximately half of those with xanthelasma have elevated cholesterol levels. Your likelihood of developing xanthelasma is higher if you have: -       High LDL (“bad” cholesterol) or low HDL (“good” cholesterol) -       Inherited high cholesterol, referred to as familial hypercholesterolemia by doctors -       Primary biliary cirrhosis, a liver condition which can elevate cholesterol levels Xanthelasma can also be associated with diabetes and thyroid dysfunction. It can manifest even in individuals with cholesterol levels considered within the normal range. Hence, getting a blood test can be helpful if you have xanthelasma. While treatment for xanthelasma is generally not deemed medically essential, people may opt for treatment due to cosmetic concerns. Addressing the root cause, such as effectively managing elevated lipid levels, can contribute to the successful management of this condition. Aesthetic treatments available include ablative laser and surgical excision. Treatments are effective, but there is also possibility of the growths recurring, particularly in cases of inherited high cholesterol. Acanthosis nigricans Acanthosis nigricans is a skin condition characterized by the development of dark, thickened, and velvety patches on the skin. These patches typically appear in areas with folds or creases, such as the neck, armpits, groin, and the back of the joints. Acanthosis nigricans is not a disease itself, but is often associated with underlying health issues. The precise cause of acanthosis nigricans remains uncertain, but is primarily associated with conditions of insulin resistance. This correlation is often observed in conjunction with obesity, diabetes, and various metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, generalized lipodystrophy and underactive thyroid. Sometimes, acanthosis nigricans may have a hereditary component, inherited from parents, or be a component of a genetic syndrome. Additionally, it can be induced by certain medications, including oral contraceptives or steroids. Rarely, there is a link with an internal malignancy. People with malignant acanthosis nigricans tend to be middle-aged, not obese, and lesions develop abruptly. There is no treatment specifically tailored for acanthosis nigricans, but some treatments that can be beneficial in reducing the appearance of acanthosis nigricans include: -       Skincare products designed to lighten the skin and enhance the turnover rate of skin cells, thereby assisting in the clearance of the skin. -       Laser treatment -       Chemical peel It is important to explore whether an underlying disease is playing a role in its development. Identifying and addressing these underlying conditions could result in the clearing or improvement of your skin. Taking an active role in managing this condition is also important by changing lifestyle such as weight loss and dietary modifications to enhance insulin sensitivity. Obesity Obesity can result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Several medical conditions can contribute to or be associated with obesity. Here are some medical conditions that may cause or contribute to obesity: 1.     Hypothyroidism- An underactive thyroid can lead to a decrease in metabolism, causing weight gain. 2.     Cushing’s syndrome- This disorder is characterized by the overproduction of cortisol, a hormone that can lead to weight gain, especially in the abdominal area. 3.     Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)- PCOS is a hormonal disorder that can cause weight gain, insulin resistance, and difficulties in losing weight. 4.     Prader-Willi Syndrome- This is a genetic disorder that results in insatiable hunger and a slowed metabolism, often leading to obesity. 5.     Insulin resistance- Conditions such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes can involve insulin resistance, making it difficult for the body to regulate blood sugar and leading to weight gain. 6.     Genetic factors- Genetic predisposition can play a significant role in a person’s susceptibility to obesity. 7.     Hypothalamic obesity- Hypothalamus is a structure within the brain responsible for regulating appetite. If the hypothalamus undergoes damage, which can result from a brain tumor or head injury, it may lead to swift weight gain. This is attributed to changes in brain response, attention, satiety, and eating behaviors. 8.     Binge eating disorder- An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of consuming large quantities of food, often rapidly and to the point of discomfort, which can contribute to obesity. While these conditions may contribute to weight gain, lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity also play a crucial role in the development and management of obesity. Additionally, the interaction between genetics and the environment is complex, and individual responses to these factors can vary. Addressing the root medical conditions can support weight loss. Additionally, making lifestyle modifications and incorporating certain aesthetic treatments can contribute to the effective management of weight and fat. Hair loss Hair loss, or alopecia, can result from various medical conditions, genetic factors, hormonal changes and environmental influences. Here are some medical conditions that can contribute to hair loss: 1.     Autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. These can cause hair loss as the immune system attacks healthy cells, including own hair follicles. 2.     Nutritional deficiencies: Inadequate intake of essential nutrients like vitamins and minerals, including zinc, iron, and vitamin D, can contribute to hair loss. 3.     Thyroid disorders: Conditions such as hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and drug-induced hypothyroidism have been associated with widespread hair shedding. 4.     Scalp infections, such as ringworm, and other fungal conditions can cause hair loss 5.     Trichotillomania: This is a psychological disorder where individuals have an irresistible urge to pull out their hair, leading to noticeable hair loss. 6.     Cushing’s syndrome 7.     PCOS Hirsutism Hirsutism is a condition characterized by the excessive growth of coarse, dark hair in areas where men typically grow hair, primarily in women. This abnormal hair growth pattern is often associated with an increase in androgens, which are male hormones. When high androgen levels cause hirsutism, other signs might develop over time, including acne, hair loss, deepening voice, decreased breast size and enlargement of the clitoris. Hirsutism can be a cosmetic concern and may indicate an underlying medical condition. Causes: 1.     Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) -       PCOS is a common cause of hirsutism. It leads to an imbalance in androgens, causing excessive hair growth. 2.     Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) -       This is a genetic disorder affecting the adrenal glands, leading to an overproduction of androgens and hirsutism. 3.     Cushing’s syndrome -       An endocrine disorder characterized by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol, which can lead to hirsutism. 4.     Tumours -       Androgen-secreting tumour in the ovaries or adrenal glands tumour can produce excess androgens, leading to hirsutism. 5.     Medications -       Certain medications, such as steroids and certain hormonal treatments, can cause hirsutism as a side effect. To address this condition, aesthetic medicine can contribute through the use of laser for hair removal. Acne Although acne is primarily identified as a skin issue, in some cases, its development can be influenced or exacerbated by various medical conditions and factors. Here are a few examples of conditions that may contribute to or worsen acne: 1.     Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) PCOS is a hormonal disorder that can lead to an imbalance in androgens, contributing to the development of acne. Hormonal fluctuations associated with PCOS may result in increased oil production and the formation of acne lesions, especially along the jawline and chin. 2.     Cushing’s syndrome Elevated cortisol levels can affect the skin’s oil production and contribute to the occurrence of acne. 3.     Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) Elevated androgen levels stimulate sebaceous glands, contributing to acne development. Treatments for hormonal acne can include topical and oral medications. Your discipline also plays a part to effectively manage acne. Resist the urge to touch or pick at your face, as these behaviours can exacerbate inflammation and contribute to the formation of acne scars. Additionally, it is advisable to steer clear of sugary foods and dairy products, as they can trigger and worsen acne. In conclusion, it is important to recognise that aesthetic signs can often be indicative of underlying health conditions, serving as visual cues that prompt further investigation. Paying attention to changes in the skin, hair, and overall appearance can be a valuable step in identifying potential health issues early on. While aesthetic treatments can address certain concerns, understanding the broader context of these signs is equally important.

Having oily skin can sometimes feel like a daily battle. Just imaging spending a fun-filled day with your besties, and while they are still looking fabulous, your face decides to go all shiny, and your hair? Well, let’s just say it is embracing the greasy look. And, to make things even more amusing, your oily skin tends to make an unexpected appearance in flash photos. Understanding oily skin You have probably asked yourself why your skin seems to be oilier than others. Let’s start by getting the lowdown on oily skin. Our skin produces a natural oil called ‘sebum’ and, sebum is not exactly bad. In fact, it is the body’s way of keeping our skin healthy, nourished and nicely moisturized. The hitch comes when our sebaceous glands kick into overdrive, pumping out more sebum than necessary, leading to oily skin. Several factors contribute to this overproduction: 1. Genetic predisposition Your genetic makeup plays a significant role in shaping your skin type, and if your parents had oily skin, chances are you are inherited a similar predisposition. Genetics can influence the size and activity of your sebaceous glands, impacting your skin’s oiliness. 2. Hormonal influences Hormones wield substantial influence over your skin’s behavior. During life stages like puberty, menstruation, and pregnancy, hormonal fluctuations can stimulate sebum production. Androgens are a group of hormones, primarily testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), that play a significant role in the development and regulation of male sexual characteristics. However, they are also present in females, albeit in smaller quantities, and have various functions in both sexes. Androgens can influence sebum production in the skin, especially DHT, can bind to receptors on the sebaceous glands and stimulate them to produce more sebum. Androgens can also lead to the enlargement of sebaceous glands. Larger glands have more capacity to produce sebum, resulting in increased sebum release. Vast majority of androgen excess in women is caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common chronic condition that affects up to 10% of all women. Rarely, adrenal or ovarian tumours can also cause hyperandrogenism. 3. Environmental factors Climate has a significant impact on your skin’s oiliness. Hot and humid weather, common in tropical regions, can stimulate your sebaceous glands, leading to increased oil production. Conversely, dry environments can cause your skin to overcompensate by producing even more oil to counteract the dryness. 4. Skincare product choices Using products that are too harsh or not suitable for your skin type can disrupt its natural equilibrium. Harsh cleansers or products containing alcohol can strip away too much oil, prompting your skin to react by producing even more sebum to compensate. 5. Dietary influences Your diet can have a significant impact on your skin’s oiliness. Food high in saturated fats and trans-fat, like fried items, can kick start inflammation in the skin, leading to increased oil production and potentially causing acne. Items like milk products, butter, cheese can also have an effect on your hormones, potentially acting as triggers for oily skin. Oily skin does not travel alone; it often brings along a couple of companions, such as acne, a lackluster complexion and enlarged pores. Let’s take a closer look at how oily skin can lead to these additional challenges. Acne Excess sebum can clog pores, creating a perfect breeding ground for acne-causing bacteria and then causing inflammation. This can result in acne and blemishes that can be frustrating to deal with. Dull skin Oily skin can also contribute to a dull and lackluster complexion. The excessive oil on the surface of your skin together with trapped dead skin cells can build up and lead to a dull and tired-looking complexion, far from the radiant glow we all desire. Enlarged pores While oily skin can manifest in a shiny complexion, it can also bring about this concern: enlarged pores. When your skin produces an excessive amount of sebum, this oil can mix with dead skin cells and other impurities. Over time, this mixture can accumulate in your pores, causing them to stretch and become more visible, giving the appearance of larger pores. Other conditions associated with oily skin: Sebaceous hyperplasia Sebaceous hyperplasia is a harmless skin condition characterised by the enlargement of sebaceous glands. It occurs when hair follicles become blocked. Blockage can arise due to an excess of sebaceous glands or because these glands are producing an excessive amount of sebum compared to what your skin requires. This then leads to the appearance of small, flesh-coloured or yellowish bumps on the skin’s surface. It can potentially affect any part of your skin, most frequently observed on the face. While oily skin can play a role, there are also genetic factors involve in the development of sebaceous hyperplasia, making some individuals more predisposed to this condition. The appearance of sebaceous hyperplasia can be reminiscent of non-inflamed acne, leading to potential confusion with comedonal acne. However, if you look closely, you can notice a central depression or indentation within the bump. You might also see tiny blood vessels inside the bump. These features serve as indicators that you are likely dealing with sebaceous hyperplasia instead of acne. Seborrheic dermatitis Seborrheic dermatitis is a common, noncontagious skin condition that manifests as itchy red patches and oily scales on the skin, often accompanied by white or yellowish crusts or powdery flakes on the s calp. When occurs on scalp, it is commonly known as ‘dandruff’. Individuals with inherently oily skin have an increased susceptibility to developing this form of dermatitis. Additionally, if you have family history of psoriasis, the risk is higher. Seborrheic dermatitis can also appear on other parts of the body with high sebaceous gland activity. These areas include the chest, upper back, face especially forehead, the creases around the base of the nose, behind the ears, belly button, eyebrows, under the breasts, and in the folds or bends of the arms, legs and groin. It is a lifelong condition that may come and go with treatment and can experience periodic flare-ups. Milia (also known as oil seed) Oily skin itself is not a direct cause of milia, but there can be an indirect relationship between oily skin and the development of milia. Milia are typically caused by the trapping of dead skin cells and keratin (a protein found in skin, hair and nails) beneath the surface of the skin. While oily skin does not directly cause this trapping, it can contribute to the conditions that make it more likely to occur. So, how can we address oily skin? The key is to strike a balance between having too much oil and maintaining your skin’s natural moisture. What you can do for yourself... 1. Gentle cleansing is key Steer clear of harsh, alcohol-based cleansers. These can strip away your skin’s natural oils and lead to more oil production. Stick to a simple rule: cleanse your face twice a day, unless you find it excessively oily during the day, in which case you can clean up to 3 times a day. 2. Opt for skin care products that suits oily skin For oily skin type, the texture of your moisturiser is important. A thick, creamy moisturiser can act as an occlusive, trapping oil on the skin’s surface. Occlusive products are those with formula that forms a seal over the surface of your skin to prevent water loss. This is beneficial for those with dry skin who struggle to retain moisture, but they can be overly heavy for individuals with oily skin types. Also, when it comes to choosing skincare, opt for products that sports the labels “oil free” and “non-comedogenic”. These labels indicate that the products, whether they be cleansers, moisturisers, or makeup, will not clog your pores or spur acne. In addition, go for water based makeup for a skin-friendly choice that won’t exacerbate oiliness. 3. Maintain a regular exfoliation routine Exfoliation is key for oily skin but using gentle chemical exfoliants is preferred. Physical exfoliants can damage the moisture barrier and lead to dryness that cause skin to produce more oil. Consider exfoliating 2 to 3 times a week with gentle exfoliant that contains either salicylic acid or alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) like glycolic acid. This routine can effectively clear impurities, sebum and clogged pores, minimize blackheads, and reduce the occurrence of breakouts. 4. Opt for blotting papers on the go For a quick fix during the day, reach for blotting papers. Simply press the paper gently against your face and let it sit for a few seconds to soak up the excess oil. Avoid rubbing the paper on your skin, as this can inadvertently spread the oil to different areas of your face. 5. Avoid unnecessary face contact Resist the urge to touch your face during the day. While it might be tempting, this action can transfer dirt, oils, and bacteria from your hands to your face. 6. Cut down on food that increase sebum production As mentioned previously. Treatments for oily skin Microdermabrasion Microdermabrasion is a skin treatment that effectively eliminates dead skin cells, excess oil and surface impurities. Through the removal of excess oil, microdermabrasion aids in balancing sebum production, thereby minimizing the oily sheen. Furthermore, by eliminating dead skin cells, this treatment unveils a brighter, more radiant complexion. Chemical peel Chemical peel is also a way to treat oily skin with clogged pores. It involves the application of chemical agent on your skin that results in exfoliation of skin followed by regrowth of new skin leading to skin rejuvenation. Rejuran Rejuran comprises polynucleotide (PN), which are segmented DNA extracted from salmon. It has the ability to balance oil and moisture, making it a favorable choice for addressing oily skin while providing essential hydration to your skin. Microbotox Minute quantities of botulinum toxin can effectively diminish sebum production in the skin while preserving the ability to engage in natural facial expressions. Furthermore, botox offers the added advantage of reducing perspiration, leading to a decrease in the amount of sweat and oil that can lead to makeup smudging and skin breakouts. Oral isotretinoin This is commonly known as Accutane. It works by suppressing the function of sebaceous glands and altering the process of keratinization when taken at therapeutic doses. This medication has been found to decrease both the size of sebaceous glands and the production of sebum. It is among the most effective inhibitors of sebum production, but some people cannot endure or are unwilling to accept the side effects such as dry lips, dry eyes, peeling skin due to excessive dryness, thinning hair and sun sensitivity. Some are also contraindicated for its use. However, dosage of isotretinoin can be adjusted to minimize undesired side effects. Antiandrogenic medications Antiandrogenic medications are drugs that are designed to reduce the effects of androgens, specifically testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), in the body. These medications are used in various medical conditions where excessive androgen activity is a problem, and in this case, excessive sebum production. One example of antiandrogenic medication include spironolactone, a diuretic medication that also has antiandrogenic properties. It is also used in women with hormonal acne. Certain oral contraceptives (birth control pills) contain hormones that have antiandrogenic effects, helping to regulate sebum production. Note that the use of these oral medications should be carefully supervised by a healthcare provider, as they can have potential side effects and interactions with other medications. The choice of medication and treatment plan will depend on the specific condition being treated and individual patient factors. Therefore, consultation with qualified healthcare professionals is essential. Treatments for oily skin- related conditions Sebaceous hyperplasia can be managed with oral isotretinoin, but recurrence is possible once the medication is discontinued. A fast and effective way to remove sebaceous hyperplasia is by ablative laser treatment. Ablative laser treatment can also provide immediate results for milia removal. Alternatively, a needle can be used to puncture the milia and squeeze out its contents. This should be performed by a professional in a clinical setting, and not at home to mitigate the risk of infection that arises when not conducted correctly. Seborrheic dermatitis, caused by the fungus known as Malassezia Furfur, is typically treated with antifungal medication.